Municipal Wastewater Reuse: Is it a Competitive Alternative to Seawater Desalination?

Electrochemically mediated seawater desalination.

With global demand rising faster than availability, fresh water is quickly becoming a limited resource. In fact, the United Nations estimates one third of the world s population is living in water-stressed regions, and by 2025 this number is expected to double. Seawater desalination is an attractive solution to this problem because seawater accounts for more than 97% of the world s water supply...

Greywater, a New Alternative Approach for Domestic Wastewater Separation and Reuse in Iran

A comparative life cycle assessment of hybrid osmotic dilution desalination and established seawater desalination and wastewater reclamation processes.

The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative environmental impacts of coupled seawater desalination and water reclamation using a novel hybrid system that consist of an osmotically driven membrane process and established membrane desalination technologies. A comparative life cycle assessment methodology was used to differentiate between a novel hybrid process consisting of forward...

Reuse: Can it Deliver Competitive Performance?

This paper establishes the importance of competitive performance for software firms and highlights the potential of reusability in increasing competitive performance. The importance of reusability is discussed by examining its effect on three different software process dimensions flexibility, productivity and predictability. From the literature, a research model is developed and used as the bas...

Pre-treatment Methods for Seawater Desalination and Industrial Wastewater Treatment : A Brief Review

Feed water that need to be pre-treated before using methods such as, microfiltration, Ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis is characterized by containing turbidity, bacterial content and total dissolved solid which causes fouling and scaling in membrane performance. Thus, it is necessary to develop a method which is cost effective. Pre-treatment has been shown as a good method to...